深度自编码观测器飞机操纵面快速故障诊断

为了避免扩展多模型自适应估计故障诊断方法中的雅克比矩阵计算,解决飞机精确模型难以获得的问题,降低在线故障诊断的计算量,提出了一种基于深度自编码观测器的飞机操纵面快速故障诊断方法.基于离线训练、在线估计的思想,采用量测的飞行数据训练得到不同故障下的飞机模型,代替扩展多模型自适应估计方法的卡尔曼滤波器进行状态估计;基于基础自编码器的隐层节点数选取经验公式,推导了两种深度自编码器的隐层节点数选取的递推公式.仿真结果表明,该方法无需精确的飞机模型,故障诊断速度快、精度高.     

Simultaneous state and actuator fault estimation for satellite attitude control systems

In this paper, a new nonlinear augmented observer is proposed and applied to satellite attitude control systems. The observer can estimate system state and actuator fault simultaneously. It can enhance the performances of rapidly-varying faults estimation. Only original system matrices are adopted in the parameter design. The considered faults can be unbounded, and the proposed augmented observer can estimate a large class of faults. Systems without disturbances and the fault whose finite times derivatives are zero piecewise are initially considered, followed by a discussion of a general situation where the system is subject to disturbances and the finite times derivatives of the faults are not null but bounded. For the considered nonlinear system, convergence conditions of the observer are provided and the stability analysis is performed using Lyapunov direct method. Then a feasible algorithm is explored to compute the observer parameters using linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is illustrated by considering an example of a closed-loop satellite attitude control system. The simulation results show satisfactory perfor-mance in estimating states and actuator faults. It also shows that multiple faults can be estimated successfully.     

基于疲劳-蠕变载荷等效转换的涡轮盘载荷谱编制及寿命预测

针对雨流计数法在峰谷值提取时进行等值压缩,忽略保载时间的问题进行了改进,提出了一种基于损伤曲线的疲劳-蠕变载荷等效转换方法。利用非线性疲劳损伤累积函数和损伤等效原则,建立了不同应力水平、不同保载时间下疲劳-蠕变载荷与疲劳载荷之间的等效换算模型。利用涡轮盘材料试验数据,计算了不同循环加载条件下的等效换算比,得到了其随保载时间的变化规律。利用改进的雨流计数法,编制了航空发动机高压涡轮盘载荷谱,并将其与寿命-时间分数预测法相结合,得到了涡轮盘剩余寿命。结果表明,改进的雨流计数法综合考虑了疲劳-蠕变耦合损伤对涡轮盘寿命造成的影响,相比于传统雨流计数法,寿命预测误差降低了15.02%,验证了该方法的有效性。     

某型装备轴承件无失效时的可靠性参数估计

针对寿命服从威布尔分布的某型装备轴承件在无失效数据时的可靠性参数估计问题,首先,以失效概率为待估参数,取其先验分布为Beta分布,在2个超参数的先验密度函数为2种不同情形下,建立了失效概率的2种EBayes估计模型,分析了稳健性、渐近性和单调性;然后,对威布尔分布参数进行了加权最小二乘估计,进而建立了可靠度的2种E-Bayes估计模型,分析了稳健性和单调性;最后,结合实例数据进行了可靠性参数估计与分析,指出第2种估计模型更加合理有效。     

基于实测数据的疲劳寿命分散系数取值研究

随着基准谱、严重谱编制研究的深入,利用实测数据编制载荷谱在编谱方法和分散系数取值等方面需 求愈发迫切。从正态概率分布理论出发,讨论影响疲劳寿命分散系数取值的主要因素;针对基准谱和严重谱之 间的差异性,提出基准谱和严重谱的折算思路和方法,并通过实测数据编制的基准谱和严重谱折算系数进行比 较分析。结果表明：采用本文方法可以实现基准谱与严重谱之间损伤分散系数的折算取值。     

The Space within Fisherman's Folly: Playing with a Puzzle in Mereotopology

Abstract

In this paper we propose a spatial ontology for reasoning about holes, rigid objects and a string, taking a classical puzzle as a motivating example. In this ontology the domain is composed of spatial regions whereby a theory about holes is defined over a mereotopological basis. Within this theory we define a data structure, named chain, that facilitates a clear and efficient representation of the puzzle states and its solution.     

数字示波器在尖峰干扰脉冲强度测量中的应用

运用数字示波器瞬态捕获能力及面积测量功能，快速、准确、不遗漏地测量电子设备的尖峰干扰信号（脉冲信号），用公式将脉冲强度单位换算为脉冲频谱密度单位。     

Spatio-Temporal Ontologies and Attention

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a new proposal for the design of spatio-temporal ontologies which has its origin in cognitively motivated spatial semantics. It is shown that selective attention not only plays a central role in the characterization of spatial relations but that the representation of attentional aspects also leads to the possibility of defining an ontological upper structure which systematically covers both the spatial and the temporal domain.     

Vision-based pose estimation for cooperative space objects

Imaging sensors are widely used in aerospace recently. In this paper, a vision-based approach for estimating the pose of cooperative space objects is proposed. We learn generative model for each space object based on homeomorphic manifold analysis. Conceptual manifold is used to represent pose variation of captured images of the object in visual space, and nonlinear functions mapping between conceptual manifold representation and visual inputs are learned. Given such learned model, we estimate the pose of a new image by minimizing a reconstruction error via a traversal procedure along the conceptual manifold. Experimental results on the simulated image dataset show that our approach is effective for 1D and 2D pose estimation.     

Expert Algorithmic and Imagistic Problem Solving Strategies in Advanced Chemistry

Abstract

Visualization and imagistic reasoning appear central to expert practice in science; however, expert use of these strategies on authentic tasks has not been examined in detail. This study documents how science experts use both algorithms and imagistic reasoning to solve problems. Using protocol analysis, we report expert chemists' preferential use of algorithms for solving spatial problems and imagistic reasoning for deducing spatial transformations. We observed experts employ algorithms to solve the majority of spatial tasks while reserving imagistic strategies to solve a class of tasks that required translating between representations. Strategy used varied widely among experts and tasks.